Carbureter.



F, H. immm.

CARBURETER.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 23,1906.

Fatented Oct. 19, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

Patllte 0013. 19, 1909. 2 SHEETS-amm 2.

F. H. KNIGHT.

OARBURETER.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 2a, 1996.'

. To'oZZ whomttlmay concern:

l UNITED sirnrns PATENT lornio,

FItNKfHKNIenTgjF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT or COLUMBIA.

Ide it .knowiiethat I, FRANK 'H`.'KNIGHT, acitizeniofthe United States,residing at Washington; in the District of Columbia, have inventedcertain new and useful'Im-- provements in Carburetersfowhich thelfollowing. is a specification;

. :My'invention while broadly relatingy 'tothe general `class ofcarbureters, and while applicable for use in connection with devicesofany and every kind,'whereinv carbureters are used,'is yet 'moreparticularly de signed for and adapted to beused in connectionwithmotors wherein pistonaction is due to, and consequent uupon theexplosion oi'a mixture of hydrocarbon,'(preferably in Huid form) andatmospheric air, of which type of motors, gas and gasolene engines arenotable examples, and said invention has for its@object'ftheprovisiom ina device of the L character named,' of means whereby apredetermined'quantity of-hydro-carbonis adniitted` to'fand'maintainedwithin the reservoir or Isupply@'chs'unber of the device;"of means`whereby the yl'iydro-carboi'i is withdrawn as 'needed from thereservoir, and

conducted to the vapori'zingband mixing chamber; of "means whereby theproper quan'tity of 'airto Vbe admitted to the mixingchambenasregardsquantity of hydrocarb'oirforsuccessive 'charges of the motor,

. described ends' the :invention consists', in the` construction,arrangement and comblnation is predetermined' and maintained; ofv meanswherebythequantity of mixed hydroca`rbon and' `atmospheric air enteringthe cylinder at each intake of the motor may be accurately by' thequantityoi the'explosive mixture ventering 'the motor cylinder at eachintake of the motor may be increased, kor lessened -while the deviceisin operation, and without changing the relative proportions of thecomponent parts of said mixture; and finally of means whereby theseveral desirable functioiisf above setflorth are fulfilled within adevice' wherein durability'is combined `with cheapness construction andsimplicity of action2?" vp' To the accomplishment of the'foregoing ofthe several parte comprised therein for servicefsubstantially as ishereinafter set forth, and illustrated'in the `accompanying' drawingswherein;

Figure 1is a transverse longitudinal sereof 4the casing of my improvedcarbureter,

cAnBRETEn.

v Specification of Letters Patent. Patent-ed (M313, 19, 1909.implication sied July 23, 190s.. serial Naeaasie. f

tion takenuthrough a -carbureting and niixing apparatus constructed inaccordance with my invention. Fig. 2, is a partial plan View of themovable diaphragm`lor valve whereby the flow of explosive mixture, (whenready for use in my device) from the vaporizing and mixing chamber, tothe motor cylinder is controlled, said diaphragm or valve shown detachedfrom the machine. Fig. 3, is a side elevation of part of the diaphragmshown in Fig. 2. 4, is a plan view of the device whereby the Iiow of liquid hydro-carbon from .the reservoir to the vaporizing and mixingchamber, is controlled. Fig. 5, is a sectional view of a part .70

detached from the device to show,'in part,

.the means whereby the carbureter is connected with the enginecylinder.v Fig. 6, shows iny plan view the parts of my improvedcarbureter below the line fr. ot Fig; l. Fig. 7, is a transversesectional view offtliat portion of the device to which the upper andlower yparts of the carbureter are respectively connected, and which, initself 0 forms the side walls and de iecting flange of the vaporizing ormixingfchamber. Fig. 8, is a plan view of 4the air port controllingvalve, detached from the device; and: Fig. 9, sliowsinplan view thelower surface of the valve locking disk, at upper part'of the device.Referring to the drawings, wherein similar figures of reference denotesimilar parts, l, designates the inclosing casing which I preferablymake cylindrical in cross section, and in several independent partsarranged to be connected together as shown in Fig. l.

I preferably divide the interior of the casing into upper and lowercompartments by a partition 2, which in the present instance -is shownas cast, or rigid with the casing sides, but which, if desired, may bein any desired manner connected to said sides, and I pro- -vide the saidpartition 2, at ornear its middle 1 00 with a depending tubular portion3, provided at its bottom with female, screw threads .4, to lengagecorresponding male screw threads 5;.formed1ipon the lower end and Iconnect said chambered out portion 7,

with the lower compartment 8, of the casing,

by a small passage way 9, which extends through the bottom of the plug6', "as, shown, 5 a ball 10, held within the chambered portion 7 of theplug operates to close the upper end of the passage way 9for a purposepresently to be explained. l "i,

It is, to be understood that the compartment 8 forms the liquidhydro-carbon receivmg, and holding reservoir of the d vice, that thesaid. liquid hydro-carbon is maintained at a predetermined depth withinsaid reservoir, by appliances presently to be de- 5 scribed, and thatsuch hydro-carbon is withdrawn from said reservoir as needed, by thereciprocation of an engine piston, as will be presently fully set forthherein.

To the end of maintaining a predetermined quantity ot liquidhydro-carbon within the reservoir 8, as above noted, I provide saidreservoir, at one side with a screw threaded aperture 11, to receive thescrew threaded inner end of a plug 12, which is 5 chambered out at itslopposite ends,'as shown at 13 and 14, respectively see Fig. 1. I providethe outer chambered end 13, of the plug 12, with screw threads t0 engagethe screw threaded end of a suitable supply pipe that extends thence toa source of liquid hydro-carbon supply not shown herein. I connect thechambe'red portions 13, and 14;, of the plug 12, with a small tapering,or cone shaped passage way 15, which receives a suitable cone shapedplug 16, the shanked .inner end of which extends within the chamberlet,l of the plug 12, and is provided with an eye, to engage a hook 17,formed upon a bell crank lever 18, one arm 19, of which is hinged at itsouter end to the plug 12, Within the chamber 14, while the remaining arm20, of said lever is screw threaded, to en. gage a screw threadedaperture formed in' one vend of a f'loat 21, see Fig. 1.

By the above described construction of parts `it will be readilyapparent that the upward movement of the float 21, due to the rise ,ofliquid within the reservoir,v 8, when chargingv the same, will operateto force the cone shaped plug 16, into close contact with the sides ofthe passage way, through the lever 18, thus vclosing said passage way tothe llnw of liquid hydro-carbon therethrough, it will also be apparentthat Athe quantity, or depth of liquid hydro-carbon to be maintained inthe reservoir may be accurately predetermined by the constructiondescribed; and further that .the force or pressure with which the plug1G, is held in contact with the sides of the aperture 15, may be readilyincreased, or decreased by simply moving the float 2l, in'- wardly, oroutwardly upon the threaded arm 20.

For convenience I shall hereinafter refer to the parts immediately abovedescribed as the reservoir supply valve.

Referring again to the plug G, within the pendent portion of thepartition 2, I preferably provide said plug, at its upper end, withinthe chambered portion 7, thereof, with female screw threads, to receivecorresponding male screw threads formed upon aheaded plug 22, whichcloses the upper end ot said chamber 7, as shown. l provide the plug 22,with an aperture 23, which y extends through the said plug and is at itsupper end made cone shaped to closely tit the lower cone shaped end 24,of a vertically movable rod 25, which extends thence upwardly andthrough the top of the carbureter, see Fig. 1. I provide the rod 25,preferably at its lower end with male screw threads 26, which engagewith female screw threads 27, formed in the inner lower end of a tubularshaft 2S, which extends from a point near the lower ehd of the rod 25,upwardly and through the top of the carbureter for a purpose presentlyto be described, see Fig. 1. v

By reference to Fig. 1, it will be understood that the rod 25, will,when rotated in opposite directions, be moved up, or down in the tubularshaft 2S, and its cone shaped lower end 2l, into and out of contact withthe cone shaped upper end of the passage way 23, through theconstruction and arrangement of parts last above described, and as theliquid hydro-carbon is to pass through such passage way 23, from thereservoir 8, therebelow to the vaporizing, and mixing chamber above, itwill be clear that rotation of said rod 25, will fully control anddetermine the flow of said hydro-carlmn,

` as to quantity, through such passage 'ay 23,

I provide that the rod 25, shall be adjusted, and when so adjusted beheld in proper posi- "ion by suitable. mechanism presently to be Iprovide that atn'losphcric air lall be admitted to the vaporizingchamber above the reservoir, and that the quantity of air, .so admitted,shall be accurately predetermined and gaged, and to such ends I providethe casing-1, with a rseries of apertures 29, immediately above thepartition 2, of the reservoir 8, through which air may freely pass to,and into said vaporizing chamber; to determine the quantity of air soadmitted I provide that the inner tooled surface of the casing shall beclosely contacted by an upwardly turned flange 30, which is formed uponthe outer edge of a vertically movable disk 31, that is rigidly securedthrough arms 32, that span an opening 33, formed through the middle ofsaid disk, to the lower end of the tubular shaftl 28, see Figs. 1, and8. I provide that the disk 31, and its connected iange 30, shall bemoved upwardly, or downwardly to open, or to close the ports 29, by therotation ..hydro-carbon receptacle or reservoir 8, in

which space the disk 31, is placed, and moves, is in reality the mixingand Vaporiziiig compartment of my device, as therein 1,5 the liquidhydro-earbon and atmospheric air, drawn respectively through Vthepassage way 23, and'ports 29, 'by the action of the motor piston will bepresently explained, are brought intovcontac-t., and mixed, the saidhydro-carbon now being in a gaseous condition.

I provide that the explosive compound',

resulting from the mixture of air and fluid hydro-carbon as above noted,shall bedrawn from the mixing /and vaporizing compartment in apredetermined flow, or quantity per stroke, or number of strokes of' themo- .,tor piston to be actuated thereby; I also pro- .vide that suchflow, or quantity per stroke,

or number of strokes of said motor piston, may be adjusted or changed atwill, and to said ends I provide the interior of the casing near the topot. the vaporiziiig and mixing compartment noted with an4 inwardlyprojecting tiange 37, preferably downwardly inclined, see `Fig. l, andimmediately above said flange 37,1 so arrange a diaphragm 38, that itmay be moved toward and from the flange to lessen, or increase the space39, be-

tween the lower edge of said diaph agin and topy of said flange 37,through which the exs plosive compound passes'iiom the mixing @chamberto the niotor cylinder.

' To the end above noted I provide tlia-t the diaphragm 3S, shallberigidly connected to the tubular shaft 3G, at the low-er end thereof,and that the said shaft '2M-shall be provided iiear its gupper end withmale .screw threads 4,0, to engage with corresj'ioiiding female screwthreads 41. formed in the top oi the easing l, see Fia; l. To insurequick .-action as regards the opening or closing of thel passage 39,about the diaphragii'i BS, I

provide that the screw threads fit), and 41 shal be of .large pitclnsothat but a slight rotation ot the shaft t, will operate to move.v the.diaphragm 38, into, or torni contact with4 disk 23T. as will be readilyunderstot'nl.

'l j n'ovide that the valve-rod Q5, and tubu- G0 lar shafts Q8, .andISG`may be moved either siinultaiieously, or` iiidependently each of theother, and to such end l provide the outer sliatt ft, within which theremaining shaft QS, and rod 25, are arranged, at its top with acontrolling yoke 4Q, and provide said yoke, l said yoke is tightenedupon the shaft 28;

`is provided at yits opposite ends with abutat one side with adownwardly turned arm which lightly bears upona rod, or plate 44, that.,curved to snugly tit the exterior of the casiiiggn (at this `point ofsmall diameter) t v inents45, against which the aijni 43, inipinges, thewhich loops, or abiitinents extend upwardly aiidover the edge ot thecasingl top, and are downwardly bent to'enter either oneof a series otapertures 46, which are toi-ined in the casing top for such purpose,see.1 `igs. l, and ('i, by reference to which it will be seen that thelateral movement of said arm 43, is limited to' the dis-A tance betweenthe loops, or abiitinents 45, of the plate 44. Reference .to the figuresnamed will also clearly show that the plate 44, may boinoved atWill,'aiid the 'down-` wardly projecting portions ot the loops, orabiitnients 45, upon said plate-caused to enter any of the apertures 4V,other than those with which the.' are shown as engaged.

From the construction, last above described, it will be readilyunderstood that the tubular shaft 30, and its connected dia- 90 pliragmV38, may be adjusted up or down, as o iis desired, to increase or`diminish the passage-way 39, about the diaphragm 38, and. that when thedesired adjustment has been made, variation therefrom, will be deter-..

mined and limited by the loops, or abut- I-nients 45, of the rod,orplate 44. above delscribed, against which the arm 423, will im- 'pingewhen said rod, or plate is in position lon the casing, and the said arinis moved.

.'Itfwiill be understood that the rod,- or plate 44, 'is removable fromthe easing);` for the purpose of adjusting the tubular shaft 36, and itsconnected diaphragm 38, up and down,and that when the said rod,.o'rplate isinposition a slight up and down adjustment of 'the parts namedmay be had, such latter named adjustment vdetermined and limited by theloops, or abutmei'its 45, of theV .plate 44, as above set forth.`

I provide that the tubular shaft S28, (within theshaft 36,) and itsconnected flanged disk 31, shall, Vafter it-,has been rotated to inovesaid flanged disk up orydoivn and thus open or close Athe poi'ts 29, heheld at, any desired point ot' such rotation, and to such end lproviderthe uppervend ot said shaft 28, with a disk 47, and I providesaid disk, upon its lower surface with a series ot' small projections48, arranged concentric with the center of said disk andA adapted toco-act with a swinging pawl. or clip 49, hinged to i the yoke. JEL-tohold disk 47, from rotation.

'Byreference to lFigs. 1, and 6, inthe former of which the 'parts lastabove de.-y scribed are. shown in connection, it will be' observed thatthe clip, or pawl 49, is pivoted between the separated flanged end otthe yoke 4Q, upon the bolt or screw by which the .te which end. I

also thaty said clip, or pawl is free to be `moved' intoand from contactwith, or between adjoining projections 48, of the disk 47. I providethat the valve rod Q5, shall, after it hasbeen rotated to open or closethe passage way 9?), as hereinbefore describech) be held at any desiredpoint of adjustment provide the upper end of .said rod 25. with aprojecting arm, 50, the outer end of which ist-urned downward to engagewith any desired one of a series of detents 5l. ormedin the outer edgeof the disk 47. see Figs. 1. and 1l.v The space 52, iunnediately abovethe liaphragm is open to the motor cylinder through pipe. not shownherein. which connects with screw threads 55%; t'ormed about a circularopening at one side of said space 52. see Figs. l.

Aand 5. By reference to the drawing. Fig.

l, it will be readily seen that the explosive mixture may contain agriater. or quantity of either of its ingreidients` since it is onlynecessary to adjust, through their respective disk 47,'and arm 50, theair vent controlling disk 31, or the needle valve rod 25. as desired; itvwill also be apparent that, the proper desired proportion ofhydro-carbon. and air haiging been determined and fixed, through theadjustable devices hereinbefore set forth; the flow of the mixturethrough my improved carbureter maybe iustantly determined, `andcontrolled through the rota tion, and conse( nent raisine or lowering ofthe diaphragm 3S, without altcring, in

any way, such ldesired proportion named,-

sineethe'4 devices which control the hydrocarbon. and air admittingvalves are connected to hefmoved bythe devices which hold and cont rol`said diaphragm.

",lhe operation of my improved carbu reter is very simple, and is asfollows, a suitable carbureting liquid, in the present case gasolene` isfed from a supply reservoir through a suitable conductor to and throughpassage, or port 15, to the receptacle 8, in casing l, the'quantity soentering such receptacle being determined by the lfloat 21, and itsconnected valve, and from said receptacle the lliquid is drawn throughthe valve controlled passages 9, and 23, by the action of the motorpiston, to the vaporiziug space above the top of the receptacle 8',where the hydro-` carbon meets, and becomes mixed with air, also drawnbythe said actlon of the motor piston through the ports 2t), into thecasing.

From'the vaporizing compartment the combined air and hydro-carbon isforcibly sucked, or drawn to, and through the passage i'ay 39 about the.diaphragm 38, and to and into the motor cylinder, by the continuedaction of the motor piston, the hydro-carbon .in itslpassage through theseveral ports, and

passage ways described, becomes more thoroughly vaporlzed and unitedwith the air, with which 1t now 1s mlxed. The sleeves 36,

That I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In ay carbureter a easing having its central portion provided with adownwardly inclined flange. a movable diapl'u'agm above said inelinedflange said` diaphragm aperturcd for the passage'therethrough of air andhydrocarbon valve shafts, there being a passageway between the uppersurlaeeoff said flange and the lower outer edge of the diaphragm, meansto adjust the diaphragm toward the fiange to control the passage of anexplosive compound through the passageway between the diaphragm and theinclined fiange, a vaporiwing comliartment below the diaphragm, ports toadmit air and a earbureting fluid into the vaporizing compartment tobeeon'ie thoroughly mixed when drawn from saidcompartment through thepassageway bet wcen the diaphragm and the inclined flange to the .spaceabove the diaphragm, valves to control the passage through the air vandhydro-carbon ports which open to the vaporizing compartment, and air andhydrocarbon valve. shafts to control the air 4and hydrocarbon valves,substantially as described.

E2. In a carburetor a easing having its eentral portion provi( edwith aninwardly projecting flange, said flange, a movable diaphragm within thecentral portion above the inclined flange, a` passageway between thelower outer edge of the diaphragm and the inclined flange, means topositively adjust the diaphragm toward the inclined flange, a vaporizingr compartment below the diaphragm, valve controlled ports toadmit air and a earbureting fluid to the vaporizing compartment. belowthe diaphragm to mix 'therein and to be drawn thence` through thepassageway between the diaphragm and the inclined flange, and means toadjust the valves which cont-rol the air and hydro-carbon ports andthereby to positively deternune the proportion of air and carburetingIfluid which are to be drawn into the vaporizing compartment to be mixedtherein, substantially as described.

3.V A easing, a receptacle to hold a liquid hydroing compartment abovesaid liquid receptacle, a passage opening from said receptacle to saidvaporizing compartment to admit the earbureting liquid to saidcomparttarbon within said easing, a vaporiz llO ment, passages openingthrough'the casing to admit air to the vaporizing compartment, valves tocontrol said passages, a movable diaphragm forming the top of theVaporiz-v ing compartment and provided With a passageway thereaboutthrough which an explosive compound is drawn from the vapo- ,rizlngcompartment, and means to ihdependently adjustthe diaphragm and the airand hydro-carbon controlling valves, substanally as described.

4. In a carbureter a casing, a carbureting liquid receptacle Within saidcasing,avapo nzlug compartment Within said casing above the llquidreceptacle therein, passages openingthrough the casing and from theliquid receptacle to admit airv and a carbureting agent to thevaporizing compartment, valves to 'control saidpassagesan adjustablediaphragm forming the top ofthe vaporizing compartment and provided witha passage- Way thereabout to permit the passage of an explosive compoundrfrom the vvaporizng compartment to pass the diaphragpr,v a centrallydisposed nested shaft comprising independent members connected tomovethe diaphragm the air and the carbureting liquid valves, and meansto independently adjust said diaphragm air and .carbureting liquidlvalves, substantially as described.'

5. In a carbureter a casing, an adjustable diaphragmr Within said easingto dlvlde the interior ofthe same mto a vaporizmgcompartment wherein anexplosive compound is 'termine the quantity.

rizing compartment and the diaphragm to determine thequantity of fluidpassingjrom the vaporizing compartment to lthe storage i.compartmentpwithout changing the relative proportions of said fluids,substantially as l' described. I G. In a carburetor a casing, adiaphragm within said easing to divlde the interior .thereof into avaporizng compartment and a fluid storage compartment, independent airand hydro-carbon passages opening to said vaporlzing compartment, acentrally dis-. posed tubularv shaft 36 extending from theY diaphragmthrough the easing top 'to be moved andto move said diaphragm, a valveto close the air ports opening to the'va'porizing compartment, a tubularshaft 2S rigid with the air valve and journaled-in the tubular shaft 3Gto be moved and to move. the

.air valve, a hydro-carbon receptacle, a valve 'to close the passagebetween the hydro-'carbon receptacle and` th'e vaporizing compartment, arodor stem 95 eonneeted to the latter named .valve and journaled in thetubular shaft 28 to be moved and to move the 'valve thereon, a-dev1ceconnected to one` end of each of the tubular shafts 3,6 and 28 and therod 25 through Which-movement is imparted to the said tubular shafts androd and their" connected diaphragm and valves tvhen'either. `thereofis'tobe independently adjusted, and

adjustable means whereby the tubular shafts 3G and 28 and the rod 25 maybe connected together tobesim'ultaneously operated to move theirrespective diaphragm and valves lin unison when the independentadjustment of each thereof nas been determined, subl stantially asdescribed.

7. The combination wilha earbureter cas` ing, and with an arm connectedto 'move valveswithin. said easing, .of a movable plate 44 havingabutments thereon 'to contact with the valve moving arm to limit themovementof said arm, and means substantially as described lo arrangesaid plate at different points upon said casing, asand for the purpose'specified.

lntestimony whereof I `hereto ailix my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

. FRANK II. KNIGHT.

, .Witnessesz' J. ED\\"...FOWLER, S. C. HILL.

